![](/diagrams/lenzen_2012_how-to-square-knowledge-and-belief_1dvfao1oa_p-307_1eeig4r16/images/display.jpeg?url=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Flg%2Fdiagrams%2Flenzen_2012_how-to-square-knowledge-and-belief_1dvfao1oa_p-307_1eeig4r16%2Fimages%2Fdisplay.jpeg)
How to Square Knowledge and Belief (2012), p. 307
by Lenzen, Wolfgang
![]( /diagrams/lenzen_2012_how-to-square-knowledge-and-belief_1dvfao1oa_p-307_1eeig4r16/images/display.jpeg?url=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Flg%2Fdiagrams%2Flenzen_2012_how-to-square-knowledge-and-belief_1dvfao1oa_p-307_1eeig4r16%2Fimages%2Fdisplay.jpeg )
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Caption
- Complete square of opposition à la Engel (1st variant)
- Aristotelian family
- Classical Sigma-2
- Boolean complexity
- 3
- Number of labels per vertex (at most)
- 1
- Uniqueness of the vertices up to logical equivalence
- Yes
- Errors in the diagram
- No
- Shape
- Rectangle (irregular)
- Colinearity range
- 0
- Coplanarity range
- 0
- Cospatiality range
- 0
- Representation of contradiction
- By some other geometric feature
Logic
Geometry
- Conceptual info
- No
- Mnemonic support (AEIO, purpurea ...)
- No
- Form
- none
- Label type
- symbolic
- Symbolic field
- logic
- Contains partial formulas or symbols
- No
- Logical system
- epistemic logic
Vertex description
Edge description
- Diagram is colored
- No
- Diagram is embellished
- No
Style
Additional notes
- This is a 'twisted square': the contradiction relations are displayed horizontally, rather than on the diagonals.