Peri hermeneias (975–1025), fol. 39v
by Apuleius, Lucius
Copyright according to our policy
- Aristotelian family
- Classical Sigma-2
- Boolean complexity
- 3
- Number of labels per vertex (at most)
- 1
- Uniqueness of the vertices up to logical equivalence
- Yes
- Errors in the diagram
- No
- Shape
- Circle (regular)
- Colinearity range
- 0
- Coplanarity range
- 0
- Cospatiality range
- 0
- Representation of contradiction
- By central symmetry
Logic
Geometry
- Conceptual info
- Yes
- Mnemonic support (AEIO, purpurea ...)
- No
- Form
- square
- Label type
- symbolic
- Symbolic field
- logic
- Contains partial formulas or symbols
- Yes
- Logical system
- syllogistics
- Contains definitions of relations
- No
- Form
- bands
- Has arrowheads
- No
- Overlap
- No
- Curved
- Yes
- Hooked
- No
- As wide as vertices
- Yes
- Contains text
- Yes
- Label type
- linguistic
- Language
- Latin
- Contains partial sentences or single words
- Yes
- Contain abbreviations
- Yes
Vertex description
Edge description
- Diagram is colored
- No
- Diagram is embellished
- No
- Tags
- diagram chasing
Style
Additional notes
- The letters A, B, C, D are used as we would later use A, E, I, O. Concretely: A stands for the universal affirmative statement, B stands for the universal negative statement, C stands for the particular affirmative statement, and D stands for the particular negative statement.
This diagram fully describes the relations between truth values of the four vertices. For example, starting from the vertical line at 12 o'clock and moving clockwise to the horizontal line at 3 o'clock, we read:
* C: si falsum est, astruitur B=> cf. contradiction between B and C
* D: si falsum est, destruitur B=> cf. subalternation from B to D
* A: si verum est, destruitur B=> cf. contrariety between A and B
* C: si verum est, destruitur B=> cf. contradiction between B and C